diff --git a/ui/src/i18n/locales/en-US.ts b/ui/src/i18n/locales/en-US.ts
index 33c076fe4..2ef74d89c 100644
--- a/ui/src/i18n/locales/en-US.ts
+++ b/ui/src/i18n/locales/en-US.ts
@@ -407,34 +407,87 @@ export const enUS = {
   // Nodes page
   nodes: {
     title: "Nodes",
-    desc: "Connected execution nodes and device pairings.",
-    noNodes: "No nodes connected.",
+    desc: "Paired devices and live links.",
+    noNodes: "No nodes found.",
     devices: "Devices",
+    devicesDesc: "Pairing requests + role tokens.",
     noDevices: "No paired devices.",
     approve: "Approve",
     reject: "Reject",
     revoke: "Revoke",
     rotate: "Rotate",
     pending: "Pending",
+    paired: "Paired",
     approved: "Approved",
+    offline: "offline",
+    tokens: "Tokens",
+    tokensNone: "Tokens: none",
+    role: "role",
+    requested: "requested",
+    repair: "repair",
+    active: "active",
+    revoked: "revoked",
+    scopes: "scopes",
+    roles: "roles",
 
     bindings: {
-      title: "Exec Bindings",
-      desc: "Bind agents to specific execution nodes.",
-      default: "Default Node",
+      title: "Exec node binding",
+      desc: "Pin agents to a specific node when using",
+      default: "Default binding",
+      defaultDesc: "Used when agents do not override a node binding.",
       agent: "Agent",
       node: "Node",
-      save: "Save Bindings",
+      anyNode: "Any node",
+      useDefault: "Use default",
+      save: "Save",
+      loadConfig: "Load config",
+      loadConfigNote: "Load config to edit bindings.",
+      noNodesAvailable: "No nodes with system.run available.",
+      defaultAgent: "default agent",
+      usesDefault: "uses default",
+      override: "override",
+      switchToForm: "Switch the Config tab to Form mode to edit bindings here.",
     },
 
     approvals: {
-      title: "Exec Approvals",
-      desc: "Pre-approve commands for agent execution.",
+      title: "Exec approvals",
+      desc: "Allowlist and approval policy for",
       target: "Target",
+      targetDesc: "Gateway edits local approvals; node edits the selected node.",
+      host: "Host",
       gateway: "Gateway",
-      selectAgent: "Select agent",
-      addRule: "Add Rule",
-      noRules: "No approval rules configured.",
+      selectNode: "Select node",
+      noNodesYet: "No nodes advertise exec approvals yet.",
+      scope: "Scope",
+      defaults: "Defaults",
+      security: "Security",
+      securityDesc: "Default security mode.",
+      mode: "Mode",
+      deny: "Deny",
+      allowlist: "Allowlist",
+      full: "Full",
+      ask: "Ask",
+      askDesc: "Default prompt policy.",
+      off: "Off",
+      onMiss: "On miss",
+      always: "Always",
+      askFallback: "Ask fallback",
+      askFallbackDesc: "Applied when the UI prompt is unavailable.",
+      fallback: "Fallback",
+      autoAllowSkills: "Auto-allow skill CLIs",
+      autoAllowSkillsDesc: "Allow skill executables listed by the Gateway.",
+      usingDefault: "Using default",
+      addPattern: "Add pattern",
+      allowlistTitle: "Allowlist",
+      allowlistDesc: "Case-insensitive glob patterns.",
+      noAllowlist: "No allowlist entries yet.",
+      pattern: "Pattern",
+      newPattern: "New pattern",
+      lastUsed: "Last used",
+      never: "never",
+      remove: "Remove",
+      loadApprovals: "Load approvals",
+      loadApprovalsNote: "Load exec approvals to edit allowlists.",
     },
   },
 
diff --git a/ui/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW.ts b/ui/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW.ts
index 5516263db..9427a7fcc 100644
--- a/ui/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW.ts
+++ b/ui/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW.ts
@@ -414,34 +414,87 @@ export const zhTW = {
   // 節點頁面
   nodes: {
     title: "節點",
-    desc: "已連線的執行節點與裝置配對。",
-    noNodes: "沒有已連線的節點。",
+    desc: "已配對的裝置與即時連結。",
+    noNodes: "找不到節點。",
     devices: "裝置",
+    devicesDesc: "配對請求與角色權杖。",
     noDevices: "沒有已配對的裝置。",
     approve: "核准",
     reject: "拒絕",
     revoke: "撤銷",
     rotate: "輪換",
     pending: "待處理",
+    paired: "已配對",
     approved: "已核准",
+    offline: "離線",
+    tokens: "權杖",
+    tokensNone: "權杖：無",
+    role: "角色",
+    requested: "請求於",
+    repair: "修復",
+    active: "使用中",
+    revoked: "已撤銷",
+    scopes: "範圍",
+    roles: "角色",
 
     bindings: {
-      title: "執行綁定",
-      desc: "將代理綁定到特定執行節點。",
-      default: "預設節點",
+      title: "執行節點綁定",
+      desc: "使用時將代理固定到特定節點",
+      default: "預設綁定",
+      defaultDesc: "當代理未覆寫節點綁定時使用。",
       agent: "代理",
       node: "節點",
-      save: "儲存綁定",
+      anyNode: "任意節點",
+      useDefault: "使用預設",
+      save: "儲存",
+      loadConfig: "載入組態",
+      loadConfigNote: "載入組態以編輯綁定。",
+      noNodesAvailable: "沒有支援 system.run 的節點。",
+      defaultAgent: "預設代理",
+      usesDefault: "使用預設",
+      override: "覆寫",
+      switchToForm: "請將「組態」分頁切換為「表單」模式以在此編輯綁定。",
     },
 
     approvals: {
       title: "執行核准",
-      desc: "預先核准代理可執行的指令。",
+      desc: "許可清單與核准政策，適用於",
       target: "目標",
+      targetDesc: "閘道器編輯本地核准；節點編輯選定的節點。",
+      host: "主機",
       gateway: "閘道器",
-      selectAgent: "選擇代理",
-      addRule: "新增規則",
-      noRules: "尚未設定核准規則。",
+      selectNode: "選擇節點",
+      noNodesYet: "尚無節點公告執行核准。",
+      scope: "範圍",
+      defaults: "預設值",
+      security: "安全性",
+      securityDesc: "預設安全模式。",
+      mode: "模式",
+      deny: "拒絕",
+      allowlist: "許可清單",
+      full: "完整",
+      ask: "詢問",
+      askDesc: "預設提示政策。",
+      off: "關閉",
+      onMiss: "未命中時",
+      always: "總是",
+      askFallback: "詢問備援",
+      askFallbackDesc: "當 UI 提示不可用時套用。",
+      fallback: "備援",
+      autoAllowSkills: "自動允許技能 CLI",
+      autoAllowSkillsDesc: "允許閘道器列出的技能可執行檔。",
+      usingDefault: "使用預設",
+      addPattern: "新增模式",
+      allowlistTitle: "許可清單",
+      allowlistDesc: "不區分大小寫的 glob 模式。",
+      noAllowlist: "尚無許可清單項目。",
+      pattern: "模式",
+      newPattern: "新模式",
+      lastUsed: "上次使用",
+      never: "從未",
+      remove: "移除",
+      loadApprovals: "載入核准",
+      loadApprovalsNote: "載入執行核准以編輯許可清單。",
     },
   },
 
diff --git a/ui/src/ui/views/nodes.ts b/ui/src/ui/views/nodes.ts
index 31beca988..947bc543e 100644
--- a/ui/src/ui/views/nodes.ts
+++ b/ui/src/ui/views/nodes.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { html, nothing } from "lit";
 
+import { t } from "../../i18n";
 import { clampText, formatAgo, formatList } from "../format";
 import type {
   ExecApprovalsAllowlistEntry,
@@ -60,16 +61,16 @@ export function renderNodes(props: NodesProps) {
     <section class="card">
       <div class="row" style="justify-content: space-between;">
         <div>
-          <div class="card-title">Nodes</div>
-          <div class="card-sub">Paired devices and live links.</div>
+          <div class="card-title">${t("nodes.title")}</div>
+          <div class="card-sub">${t("nodes.desc")}</div>
         </div>
         <button class="btn" ?disabled=${props.loading} @click=${props.onRefresh}>
-          ${props.loading ? "Loading…" : "Refresh"}
+          ${props.loading ? t("common.loading") : t("common.refresh")}
         </button>
       </div>
       <div class="list" style="margin-top: 16px;">
         ${props.nodes.length === 0
-          ? html`<div class="muted">No nodes found.</div>`
+          ? html`<div class="muted">${t("nodes.noNodes")}</div>`
           : props.nodes.map((n) => renderNode(n))}
       </div>
     </section>
@@ -84,11 +85,11 @@ function renderDevices(props: NodesProps) {
     <section class="card">
       <div class="row" style="justify-content: space-between;">
         <div>
-          <div class="card-title">Devices</div>
-          <div class="card-sub">Pairing requests + role tokens.</div>
+          <div class="card-title">${t("nodes.devices")}</div>
+          <div class="card-sub">${t("nodes.devicesDesc")}</div>
         </div>
         <button class="btn" ?disabled=${props.devicesLoading} @click=${props.onDevicesRefresh}>
-          ${props.devicesLoading ? "Loading…" : "Refresh"}
+          ${props.devicesLoading ? t("common.loading") : t("common.refresh")}
         </button>
       </div>
       ${props.devicesError
@@ -97,18 +98,18 @@ function renderDevices(props: NodesProps) {
       <div class="list" style="margin-top: 16px;">
         ${pending.length > 0
           ? html`
-              <div class="muted" style="margin-bottom: 8px;">Pending</div>
+              <div class="muted" style="margin-bottom: 8px;">${t("nodes.pending")}</div>
               ${pending.map((req) => renderPendingDevice(req, props))}
             `
           : nothing}
         ${paired.length > 0
           ? html`
-              <div class="muted" style="margin-top: 12px; margin-bottom: 8px;">Paired</div>
+              <div class="muted" style="margin-top: 12px; margin-bottom: 8px;">${t("nodes.paired")}</div>
               ${paired.map((device) => renderPairedDevice(device, props))}
             `
           : nothing}
         ${pending.length === 0 && paired.length === 0
-          ? html`<div class="muted">No paired devices.</div>`
+          ? html`<div class="muted">${t("nodes.noDevices")}</div>`
           : nothing}
       </div>
     </section>
@@ -117,9 +118,9 @@ function renderDevices(props: NodesProps) {
 
 function renderPendingDevice(req: PendingDevice, props: NodesProps) {
   const name = req.displayName?.trim() || req.deviceId;
-  const age = typeof req.ts === "number" ? formatAgo(req.ts) : "n/a";
-  const role = req.role?.trim() ? `role: ${req.role}` : "role: -";
-  const repair = req.isRepair ? " · repair" : "";
+  const age = typeof req.ts === "number" ? formatAgo(req.ts) : t("common.na");
+  const role = req.role?.trim() ? `${t("nodes.role")}: ${req.role}` : `${t("nodes.role")}: -`;
+  const repair = req.isRepair ? ` · ${t("nodes.repair")}` : "";
   const ip = req.remoteIp ? ` · ${req.remoteIp}` : "";
   return html`
     <div class="list-item">
@@ -127,16 +128,16 @@ function renderPendingDevice(req: PendingDevice, props: NodesProps) {
         <div class="list-title">${name}</div>
         <div class="list-sub">${req.deviceId}${ip}</div>
         <div class="muted" style="margin-top: 6px;">
-          ${role} · requested ${age}${repair}
+          ${role} · ${t("nodes.requested")} ${age}${repair}
         </div>
       </div>
       <div class="list-meta">
         <div class="row" style="justify-content: flex-end; gap: 8px; flex-wrap: wrap;">
           <button class="btn btn--sm primary" @click=${() => props.onDeviceApprove(req.requestId)}>
-            Approve
+            ${t("nodes.approve")}
           </button>
           <button class="btn btn--sm" @click=${() => props.onDeviceReject(req.requestId)}>
-            Reject
+            ${t("nodes.reject")}
           </button>
         </div>
       </div>
@@ -147,8 +148,8 @@ function renderPendingDevice(req: PendingDevice, props: NodesProps) {
 function renderPairedDevice(device: PairedDevice, props: NodesProps) {
   const name = device.displayName?.trim() || device.deviceId;
   const ip = device.remoteIp ? ` · ${device.remoteIp}` : "";
-  const roles = `roles: ${formatList(device.roles)}`;
-  const scopes = `scopes: ${formatList(device.scopes)}`;
+  const roles = `${t("nodes.roles")}: ${formatList(device.roles)}`;
+  const scopes = `${t("nodes.scopes")}: ${formatList(device.scopes)}`;
   const tokens = Array.isArray(device.tokens) ? device.tokens : [];
   return html`
     <div class="list-item">
@@ -157,9 +158,9 @@ function renderPairedDevice(device: PairedDevice, props: NodesProps) {
         <div class="list-sub">${device.deviceId}${ip}</div>
         <div class="muted" style="margin-top: 6px;">${roles} · ${scopes}</div>
         ${tokens.length === 0
-          ? html`<div class="muted" style="margin-top: 6px;">Tokens: none</div>`
+          ? html`<div class="muted" style="margin-top: 6px;">${t("nodes.tokensNone")}</div>`
           : html`
-              <div class="muted" style="margin-top: 10px;">Tokens</div>
+              <div class="muted" style="margin-top: 10px;">${t("nodes.tokens")}</div>
               <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 8px; margin-top: 6px;">
                 ${tokens.map((token) => renderTokenRow(device.deviceId, token, props))}
               </div>
@@ -170,8 +171,8 @@ function renderPairedDevice(device: PairedDevice, props: NodesProps) {
 }
 
 function renderTokenRow(deviceId: string, token: DeviceTokenSummary, props: NodesProps) {
-  const status = token.revokedAtMs ? "revoked" : "active";
-  const scopes = `scopes: ${formatList(token.scopes)}`;
+  const status = token.revokedAtMs ? t("nodes.revoked") : t("nodes.active");
+  const scopes = `${t("nodes.scopes")}: ${formatList(token.scopes)}`;
   const when = formatAgo(token.rotatedAtMs ?? token.createdAtMs ?? token.lastUsedAtMs ?? null);
   return html`
     <div class="row" style="justify-content: space-between; gap: 8px;">
@@ -181,7 +182,7 @@ function renderTokenRow(deviceId: string, token: DeviceTokenSummary, props: Node
           class="btn btn--sm"
           @click=${() => props.onDeviceRotate(deviceId, token.role, token.scopes)}
         >
-          Rotate
+          ${t("nodes.rotate")}
         </button>
         ${token.revokedAtMs
           ? nothing
@@ -190,7 +191,7 @@ function renderTokenRow(deviceId: string, token: DeviceTokenSummary, props: Node
                 class="btn btn--sm danger"
                 @click=${() => props.onDeviceRevoke(deviceId, token.role)}
               >
-                Revoke
+                ${t("nodes.revoke")}
               </button>
             `}
       </div>
@@ -436,9 +437,9 @@ function renderBindings(state: BindingState) {
     <section class="card">
       <div class="row" style="justify-content: space-between; align-items: center;">
         <div>
-          <div class="card-title">Exec node binding</div>
+          <div class="card-title">${t("nodes.bindings.title")}</div>
           <div class="card-sub">
-            Pin agents to a specific node when using <span class="mono">exec host=node</span>.
+            ${t("nodes.bindings.desc")} <span class="mono">exec host=node</span>.
           </div>
         </div>
         <button
@@ -446,33 +447,33 @@ function renderBindings(state: BindingState) {
           ?disabled=${state.disabled || !state.configDirty}
           @click=${state.onSave}
         >
-          ${state.configSaving ? "Saving…" : "Save"}
+          ${state.configSaving ? t("common.saving") : t("nodes.bindings.save")}
         </button>
       </div>
 
       ${state.formMode === "raw"
         ? html`<div class="callout warn" style="margin-top: 12px;">
-            Switch the Config tab to <strong>Form</strong> mode to edit bindings here.
+            ${t("nodes.bindings.switchToForm")}
           </div>`
         : nothing}
 
       ${!state.ready
         ? html`<div class="row" style="margin-top: 12px; gap: 12px;">
-            <div class="muted">Load config to edit bindings.</div>
+            <div class="muted">${t("nodes.bindings.loadConfigNote")}</div>
             <button class="btn" ?disabled=${state.configLoading} @click=${state.onLoadConfig}>
-              ${state.configLoading ? "Loading…" : "Load config"}
+              ${state.configLoading ? t("common.loading") : t("nodes.bindings.loadConfig")}
             </button>
           </div>`
         : html`
             <div class="list" style="margin-top: 16px;">
               <div class="list-item">
                 <div class="list-main">
-                  <div class="list-title">Default binding</div>
-                  <div class="list-sub">Used when agents do not override a node binding.</div>
+                  <div class="list-title">${t("nodes.bindings.default")}</div>
+                  <div class="list-sub">${t("nodes.bindings.defaultDesc")}</div>
                 </div>
                 <div class="list-meta">
                   <label class="field">
-                    <span>Node</span>
+                    <span>${t("nodes.bindings.node")}</span>
                     <select
                       ?disabled=${state.disabled || !supportsBinding}
                       @change=${(event: Event) => {
@@ -481,7 +482,7 @@ function renderBindings(state: BindingState) {
                         state.onBindDefault(value ? value : null);
                       }}
                     >
-                      <option value="" ?selected=${defaultValue === ""}>Any node</option>
+                      <option value="" ?selected=${defaultValue === ""}>${t("nodes.bindings.anyNode")}</option>
                       ${state.nodes.map(
                         (node) =>
                           html`<option
@@ -494,13 +495,13 @@ function renderBindings(state: BindingState) {
                     </select>
                   </label>
                   ${!supportsBinding
-                    ? html`<div class="muted">No nodes with system.run available.</div>`
+                    ? html`<div class="muted">${t("nodes.bindings.noNodesAvailable")}</div>`
                     : nothing}
                 </div>
               </div>
 
               ${state.agents.length === 0
-                ? html`<div class="muted">No agents found.</div>`
+                ? html`<div class="muted">${t("nodes.noNodes")}</div>`
                 : state.agents.map((agent) =>
                     renderAgentBinding(agent, state),
                   )}
@@ -517,9 +518,9 @@ function renderExecApprovals(state: ExecApprovalsState) {
     <section class="card">
       <div class="row" style="justify-content: space-between; align-items: center;">
         <div>
-          <div class="card-title">Exec approvals</div>
+          <div class="card-title">${t("nodes.approvals.title")}</div>
           <div class="card-sub">
-            Allowlist and approval policy for <span class="mono">exec host=gateway/node</span>.
+            ${t("nodes.approvals.desc")} <span class="mono">exec host=gateway/node</span>.
           </div>
         </div>
         <button
@@ -527,7 +528,7 @@ function renderExecApprovals(state: ExecApprovalsState) {
           ?disabled=${state.disabled || !state.dirty || !targetReady}
           @click=${state.onSave}
         >
-          ${state.saving ? "Saving…" : "Save"}
+          ${state.saving ? t("common.saving") : t("common.save")}
         </button>
       </div>
 
@@ -535,9 +536,9 @@ function renderExecApprovals(state: ExecApprovalsState) {
 
       ${!ready
         ? html`<div class="row" style="margin-top: 12px; gap: 12px;">
-            <div class="muted">Load exec approvals to edit allowlists.</div>
+            <div class="muted">${t("nodes.approvals.loadApprovalsNote")}</div>
             <button class="btn" ?disabled=${state.loading || !targetReady} @click=${state.onLoad}>
-              ${state.loading ? "Loading…" : "Load approvals"}
+              ${state.loading ? t("common.loading") : t("nodes.approvals.loadApprovals")}
             </button>
           </div>`
         : html`
@@ -558,14 +559,14 @@ function renderExecApprovalsTarget(state: ExecApprovalsState) {
     <div class="list" style="margin-top: 12px;">
       <div class="list-item">
         <div class="list-main">
-          <div class="list-title">Target</div>
+          <div class="list-title">${t("nodes.approvals.target")}</div>
           <div class="list-sub">
-            Gateway edits local approvals; node edits the selected node.
+            ${t("nodes.approvals.targetDesc")}
           </div>
         </div>
         <div class="list-meta">
           <label class="field">
-            <span>Host</span>
+            <span>${t("nodes.approvals.host")}</span>
             <select
               ?disabled=${state.disabled}
               @change=${(event: Event) => {
@@ -579,14 +580,14 @@ function renderExecApprovalsTarget(state: ExecApprovalsState) {
                 }
               }}
             >
-              <option value="gateway" ?selected=${state.target === "gateway"}>Gateway</option>
-              <option value="node" ?selected=${state.target === "node"}>Node</option>
+              <option value="gateway" ?selected=${state.target === "gateway"}>${t("nodes.approvals.gateway")}</option>
+              <option value="node" ?selected=${state.target === "node"}>${t("nodes.bindings.node")}</option>
             </select>
           </label>
           ${state.target === "node"
             ? html`
                 <label class="field">
-                  <span>Node</span>
+                  <span>${t("nodes.bindings.node")}</span>
                   <select
                     ?disabled=${state.disabled || !hasNodes}
                     @change=${(event: Event) => {
@@ -595,7 +596,7 @@ function renderExecApprovalsTarget(state: ExecApprovalsState) {
                       state.onSelectTarget("node", value ? value : null);
                     }}
                   >
-                    <option value="" ?selected=${nodeValue === ""}>Select node</option>
+                    <option value="" ?selected=${nodeValue === ""}>${t("nodes.approvals.selectNode")}</option>
                     ${state.targetNodes.map(
                       (node) =>
                         html`<option
@@ -612,7 +613,7 @@ function renderExecApprovalsTarget(state: ExecApprovalsState) {
         </div>
       </div>
       ${state.target === "node" && !hasNodes
-        ? html`<div class="muted">No nodes advertise exec approvals yet.</div>`
+        ? html`<div class="muted">${t("nodes.approvals.noNodesYet")}</div>`
         : nothing}
     </div>
   `;
@@ -621,13 +622,13 @@ function renderExecApprovalsTarget(state: ExecApprovalsState) {
 function renderExecApprovalsTabs(state: ExecApprovalsState) {
   return html`
     <div class="row" style="margin-top: 12px; gap: 8px; flex-wrap: wrap;">
-      <span class="label">Scope</span>
+      <span class="label">${t("nodes.approvals.scope")}</span>
       <div class="row" style="gap: 8px; flex-wrap: wrap;">
         <button
           class="btn btn--sm ${state.selectedScope === EXEC_APPROVALS_DEFAULT_SCOPE ? "active" : ""}"
           @click=${() => state.onSelectScope(EXEC_APPROVALS_DEFAULT_SCOPE)}
         >
-          Defaults
+          ${t("nodes.approvals.defaults")}
         </button>
         ${state.agents.map((agent) => {
           const label = agent.name?.trim() ? `${agent.name} (${agent.id})` : agent.id;